JaffnaCampus.com » HTML Basic http://jaffnacampus.com Gateway to your IT potential Tue, 27 Sep 2011 13:57:48 +0000 http://wordpress.org/?v=2.9.1 en hourly 1 HTML 4.01 Quick List http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-4-01-quick-list/ http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-4-01-quick-list/#comments Mon, 25 Jan 2010 23:42:03 +0000 admin http://jaffnacampus.com/?p=63 HTML Quick List from W3Schools. Print it, fold it, and put it in your pocket.

HTML Basic Document

<html>

<head>

<title>Document name goes here</title>

</head>

<body>

Visible text goes here…

</body>

</html>

Heading Elements

<h1>Largest Heading</h1>

<h2> . . . </h2>

<h3> . . . </h3>

<h4> . . . </h4>

<h5> . . . </h5>

<h6>Smallest Heading</h6>

Text Elements

<p>This is a paragraph</p>

<br /> (line break)

<hr /> (horizontal rule)

<pre>This text is preformatted</pre>

Logical Styles

<em>This text is emphasized</em>

<strong>This text is strong</strong>

<code>This is some computer code</code>

Physical Styles

<b>This text is bold</b>

<i>This text is italic</i>

Links, Anchors, and Image Elements

<a href=”http://www.example.com/”>This is a Link</a>

<a href=”http://www.example.com/”><img src=”URL” alt=”Alternate Text”></a>

<a href=”mailto:webmaster@example.com”>Send e-mail</a>

A named anchor:

<a name=”tips”>Useful Tips Section</a>

<a href=”#tips”>Jump to the Useful Tips Section</a>

Unordered list

<ul>

<li>First item</li>

<li>Next item</li>

</ul>

Ordered list

<ol>

<li>First item</li>

<li>Next item</li>

</ol>

Definition list

<dl>

<dt>First term</dt>

<dd>Definition</dd>

<dt>Next term</dt>

<dd>Definition</dd>

</dl>

Tables

<table border=”1″>

<tr>

<th>Tableheader</th>

<th>Tableheader</th>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>sometext</td>

<td>sometext</td>

</tr>

</table>

Frames

<frameset cols=”25%,75%”>

<frame src=”page1.htm” />

<frame src=”page2.htm” />

</frameset>

Forms

<form action=”http://www.example.com/test.asp” method=”post/get”>

<input type=”text” name=”email” value=”someone@example.com” size=”40″ maxlength=”50″ />

<input type=”password” />

<input type=”checkbox” checked=”checked” />

<input type=”radio” checked=”checked” />

<input type=”submit” />

<input type=”reset” />

<input type=”hidden” />

<select>

<option>Apples</option>

<option selected=”selected”>Bananas</option>

<option>Cherries</option>

</select>

<textarea name=”comment” rows=”60″ cols=”20″></textarea>

</form>

Entities

&lt; is the same as <

&gt; is the same as >

&#169; is the same as ©

Other Elements

<!– This is a comment –>

<blockquote>

Text quoted from a source.

</blockquote>

<address>

Written by JaffnaCampus.com<br />

<a href=”mailto:us@example.org”>Email us</a><br />

Address: Box 564, Disneyland<br />

Phone: +12 34 56 78

</address>

Source : http://JaffnaCampus.com/html/

]]> http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-4-01-quick-list/feed/ 0 HTML Color Values http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-color-values/ http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-color-values/#comments Mon, 25 Jan 2010 23:39:00 +0000 admin http://jaffnacampus.com/?p=61 Color Names Supported by All Browsers

The list below is a complete list of the color names supported by all major browsers.

You can click on a color name (or a hex value) to view the color as the background-color along with different text colors.

Sorted by HEX Value

Color Name HEX Color
Black  #000000  
Navy  #000080  
DarkBlue  #00008B  
MediumBlue  #0000CD  
Blue  #0000FF  
DarkGreen  #006400  
Green  #008000  
Teal  #008080  
DarkCyan  #008B8B  
DeepSkyBlue  #00BFFF  
DarkTurquoise  #00CED1  
MediumSpringGreen  #00FA9A  
Lime  #00FF00  
SpringGreen  #00FF7F  
Aqua  #00FFFF  
Cyan  #00FFFF  
MidnightBlue  #191970  
DodgerBlue  #1E90FF  
LightSeaGreen  #20B2AA  
ForestGreen  #228B22  
SeaGreen  #2E8B57  
DarkSlateGray  #2F4F4F  
LimeGreen  #32CD32  
MediumSeaGreen  #3CB371  
Turquoise  #40E0D0  
RoyalBlue  #4169E1  
SteelBlue  #4682B4  
DarkSlateBlue  #483D8B  
MediumTurquoise  #48D1CC  
Indigo   #4B0082  
DarkOliveGreen  #556B2F  
CadetBlue  #5F9EA0  
CornflowerBlue  #6495ED  
MediumAquaMarine  #66CDAA  
DimGray  #696969  
SlateBlue  #6A5ACD  
OliveDrab  #6B8E23  
SlateGray  #708090  
LightSlateGray  #778899  
MediumSlateBlue  #7B68EE  
LawnGreen  #7CFC00  
Chartreuse  #7FFF00  
Aquamarine  #7FFFD4  
Maroon  #800000  
Purple  #800080  
Olive  #808000  
Gray  #808080  
SkyBlue  #87CEEB  
LightSkyBlue  #87CEFA  
BlueViolet  #8A2BE2  
DarkRed  #8B0000  
DarkMagenta  #8B008B  
SaddleBrown  #8B4513  
DarkSeaGreen  #8FBC8F  
LightGreen  #90EE90  
MediumPurple  #9370D8  
DarkViolet  #9400D3  
PaleGreen  #98FB98  
DarkOrchid  #9932CC  
YellowGreen  #9ACD32  
Sienna  #A0522D  
Brown  #A52A2A  
DarkGray  #A9A9A9  
LightBlue  #ADD8E6  
GreenYellow  #ADFF2F  
PaleTurquoise  #AFEEEE  
LightSteelBlue  #B0C4DE  
PowderBlue  #B0E0E6  
FireBrick  #B22222  
DarkGoldenRod  #B8860B  
MediumOrchid  #BA55D3  
RosyBrown  #BC8F8F  
DarkKhaki  #BDB76B  
Silver  #C0C0C0  
MediumVioletRed  #C71585  
IndianRed   #CD5C5C  
Peru  #CD853F  
Chocolate  #D2691E  
Tan  #D2B48C  
LightGrey  #D3D3D3  
PaleVioletRed  #D87093  
Thistle  #D8BFD8  
Orchid  #DA70D6  
GoldenRod  #DAA520  
Crimson  #DC143C  
Gainsboro  #DCDCDC  
Plum  #DDA0DD  
BurlyWood  #DEB887  
LightCyan  #E0FFFF  
Lavender  #E6E6FA  
DarkSalmon  #E9967A  
Violet  #EE82EE  
PaleGoldenRod  #EEE8AA  
LightCoral  #F08080  
Khaki  #F0E68C  
AliceBlue  #F0F8FF  
HoneyDew  #F0FFF0  
Azure  #F0FFFF  
SandyBrown  #F4A460  
Wheat  #F5DEB3  
Beige  #F5F5DC  
WhiteSmoke  #F5F5F5  
MintCream  #F5FFFA  
GhostWhite  #F8F8FF  
Salmon  #FA8072  
AntiqueWhite  #FAEBD7  
Linen  #FAF0E6  
LightGoldenRodYellow  #FAFAD2  
OldLace  #FDF5E6  
Red  #FF0000  
Fuchsia  #FF00FF  
Magenta  #FF00FF  
DeepPink  #FF1493  
OrangeRed  #FF4500  
Tomato  #FF6347  
HotPink  #FF69B4  
Coral  #FF7F50  
Darkorange  #FF8C00  
LightSalmon  #FFA07A  
Orange  #FFA500  
LightPink  #FFB6C1  
Pink  #FFC0CB  
Gold  #FFD700  
PeachPuff  #FFDAB9  
NavajoWhite  #FFDEAD  
Moccasin  #FFE4B5  
Bisque  #FFE4C4  
MistyRose  #FFE4E1  
BlanchedAlmond  #FFEBCD  
PapayaWhip  #FFEFD5  
LavenderBlush  #FFF0F5  
SeaShell  #FFF5EE  
Cornsilk  #FFF8DC  
LemonChiffon  #FFFACD  
FloralWhite  #FFFAF0  
Snow  #FFFAFA  
Yellow  #FFFF00  
LightYellow  #FFFFE0  
Ivory  #FFFFF0  
White  #FFFFFF  

Note: The names above are not a part of the W3C web standard.

The W3C HTML and CSS standards have listed only 16 valid color names:
aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, green, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow.

If you want valid HTML or CSS use the HEX values instead.

]]> http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-color-values/feed/ 0 HTML Color Names http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-color-names/ http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-color-names/#comments Mon, 25 Jan 2010 23:36:04 +0000 admin http://jaffnacampus.com/?p=59 Color Names Supported by All Browsers

The list below is a complete list of the color names supported by all major browsers.

You can click on a color name (or a hex value) to view the color as the background-color along with different text colors.

Sorted by Names

Color Name HEX Color
AliceBlue  #F0F8FF  
AntiqueWhite  #FAEBD7  
Aqua  #00FFFF  
Aquamarine  #7FFFD4  
Azure  #F0FFFF  
Beige  #F5F5DC  
Bisque  #FFE4C4  
Black  #000000  
BlanchedAlmond  #FFEBCD  
Blue  #0000FF  
BlueViolet  #8A2BE2  
Brown  #A52A2A  
BurlyWood  #DEB887  
CadetBlue  #5F9EA0  
Chartreuse  #7FFF00  
Chocolate  #D2691E  
Coral  #FF7F50  
CornflowerBlue  #6495ED  
Cornsilk  #FFF8DC  
Crimson  #DC143C  
Cyan  #00FFFF  
DarkBlue  #00008B  
DarkCyan  #008B8B  
DarkGoldenRod  #B8860B  
DarkGray  #A9A9A9  
DarkGreen  #006400  
DarkKhaki  #BDB76B  
DarkMagenta  #8B008B  
DarkOliveGreen  #556B2F  
Darkorange  #FF8C00  
DarkOrchid  #9932CC  
DarkRed  #8B0000  
DarkSalmon  #E9967A  
DarkSeaGreen  #8FBC8F  
DarkSlateBlue  #483D8B  
DarkSlateGray  #2F4F4F  
DarkTurquoise  #00CED1  
DarkViolet  #9400D3  
DeepPink  #FF1493  
DeepSkyBlue  #00BFFF  
DimGray  #696969  
DodgerBlue  #1E90FF  
FireBrick  #B22222  
FloralWhite  #FFFAF0  
ForestGreen  #228B22  
Fuchsia  #FF00FF  
Gainsboro  #DCDCDC  
GhostWhite  #F8F8FF  
Gold  #FFD700  
GoldenRod  #DAA520  
Gray  #808080  
Green  #008000  
GreenYellow  #ADFF2F  
HoneyDew  #F0FFF0  
HotPink  #FF69B4  
IndianRed   #CD5C5C  
Indigo   #4B0082  
Ivory  #FFFFF0  
Khaki  #F0E68C  
Lavender  #E6E6FA  
LavenderBlush  #FFF0F5  
LawnGreen  #7CFC00  
LemonChiffon  #FFFACD  
LightBlue  #ADD8E6  
LightCoral  #F08080  
LightCyan  #E0FFFF  
LightGoldenRodYellow  #FAFAD2  
LightGrey  #D3D3D3  
LightGreen  #90EE90  
LightPink  #FFB6C1  
LightSalmon  #FFA07A  
LightSeaGreen  #20B2AA  
LightSkyBlue  #87CEFA  
LightSlateGray  #778899  
LightSteelBlue  #B0C4DE  
LightYellow  #FFFFE0  
Lime  #00FF00  
LimeGreen  #32CD32  
Linen  #FAF0E6  
Magenta  #FF00FF  
Maroon  #800000  
MediumAquaMarine  #66CDAA  
MediumBlue  #0000CD  
MediumOrchid  #BA55D3  
MediumPurple  #9370D8  
MediumSeaGreen  #3CB371  
MediumSlateBlue  #7B68EE  
MediumSpringGreen  #00FA9A  
MediumTurquoise  #48D1CC  
MediumVioletRed  #C71585  
MidnightBlue  #191970  
MintCream  #F5FFFA  
MistyRose  #FFE4E1  
Moccasin  #FFE4B5  
NavajoWhite  #FFDEAD  
Navy  #000080  
OldLace  #FDF5E6  
Olive  #808000  
OliveDrab  #6B8E23  
Orange  #FFA500  
OrangeRed  #FF4500  
Orchid  #DA70D6  
PaleGoldenRod  #EEE8AA  
PaleGreen  #98FB98  
PaleTurquoise  #AFEEEE  
PaleVioletRed  #D87093  
PapayaWhip  #FFEFD5  
PeachPuff  #FFDAB9  
Peru  #CD853F  
Pink  #FFC0CB  
Plum  #DDA0DD  
PowderBlue  #B0E0E6  
Purple  #800080  
Red  #FF0000  
RosyBrown  #BC8F8F  
RoyalBlue  #4169E1  
SaddleBrown  #8B4513  
Salmon  #FA8072  
SandyBrown  #F4A460  
SeaGreen  #2E8B57  
SeaShell  #FFF5EE  
Sienna  #A0522D  
Silver  #C0C0C0  
SkyBlue  #87CEEB  
SlateBlue  #6A5ACD  
SlateGray  #708090  
Snow  #FFFAFA  
SpringGreen  #00FF7F  
SteelBlue  #4682B4  
Tan  #D2B48C  
Teal  #008080  
Thistle  #D8BFD8  
Tomato  #FF6347  
Turquoise  #40E0D0  
Violet  #EE82EE  
Wheat  #F5DEB3  
White  #FFFFFF  
WhiteSmoke  #F5F5F5  
Yellow  #FFFF00  
YellowGreen  #9ACD32  

Note: The names above are not a part of the W3C web standard.

The W3C HTML and CSS standards have listed only 16 valid color names:
aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, green, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow.

If you want valid HTML or CSS use the HEX values instead.

]]> http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-color-names/feed/ 0 HTML Colors http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-colors/ http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-colors/#comments Mon, 25 Jan 2010 23:21:00 +0000 admin http://jaffnacampus.com/?p=57 Colors are displayed combining RED, GREEN, and BLUE light.

Color Values

HTML colors are defined using a hexadecimal (hex) notation for the combination of Red, Green, and Blue color values (RGB).

The lowest value that can be given to one of the light sources is 0 (hex 00). The highest value is 255 (hex FF).

Hex values are written as 3 double digit numbers, starting with a # sign.

Color Values

Color Color HEX Color RGB
  #000000 rgb(0,0,0)
  #FF0000 rgb(255,0,0)
  #00FF00 rgb(0,255,0)
  #0000FF rgb(0,0,255)
  #FFFF00 rgb(255,255,0)
  #00FFFF rgb(0,255,255)
  #FF00FF rgb(255,0,255)
  #C0C0C0 rgb(192,192,192)
  #FFFFFF rgb(255,255,255)

16 Million Different Colors

The combination of Red, Green and Blue values from 0 to 255 gives a total of more than 16 million different colors to play with (256 x 256 x 256).

Most modern monitors are capable of displaying at least 16384 different colors.

If you look at the color table below, you will see the result of varying the red light from 0 to 255, while keeping the green and blue light at zero.

To see a full list of color mixes when the red light varies from 0 to 255, click on one of the hex or rgb values below.

Red Light Color HEX Color RGB
  #000000  rgb(0,0,0) 
  #080000  rgb(8,0,0) 
  #100000  rgb(16,0,0) 
  #180000  rgb(24,0,0) 
  #200000  rgb(32,0,0) 
  #280000  rgb(40,0,0) 
  #300000  rgb(48,0,0) 
  #380000  rgb(56,0,0) 
  #400000  rgb(64,0,0) 
  #480000  rgb(72,0,0) 
  #500000  rgb(80,0,0) 
  #580000  rgb(88,0,0) 
  #600000  rgb(96,0,0) 
  #680000  rgb(104,0,0) 
  #700000  rgb(112,0,0) 
  #780000  rgb(120,0,0) 
  #800000  rgb(128,0,0) 
  #880000  rgb(136,0,0) 
  #900000  rgb(144,0,0) 
  #980000  rgb(152,0,0) 
  #A00000  rgb(160,0,0) 
  #A80000  rgb(168,0,0) 
  #B00000  rgb(176,0,0) 
  #B80000  rgb(184,0,0) 
  #C00000  rgb(192,0,0) 
  #C80000  rgb(200,0,0) 
  #D00000  rgb(208,0,0) 
  #D80000  rgb(216,0,0) 
  #E00000  rgb(224,0,0) 
  #E80000  rgb(232,0,0) 
  #F00000  rgb(240,0,0) 
  #F80000  rgb(248,0,0) 
  #FF0000  rgb(255,0,0) 

Shades of Gray

Gray colors are displayed using an equal amount of power to all of the light sources. To make it easier for you to select the right gray color we have compiled a table of gray shades for you:

Gray Shades Color HEX Color RGB
  #000000  rgb(0,0,0) 
  #080808  rgb(8,8,8) 
  #101010  rgb(16,16,16) 
  #181818  rgb(24,24,24) 
  #202020  rgb(32,32,32) 
  #282828  rgb(40,40,40) 
  #303030  rgb(48,48,48) 
  #383838  rgb(56,56,56) 
  #404040  rgb(64,64,64) 
  #484848  rgb(72,72,72) 
  #505050  rgb(80,80,80) 
  #585858  rgb(88,88,88) 
  #606060  rgb(96,96,96) 
  #686868  rgb(104,104,104) 
  #707070  rgb(112,112,112) 
  #787878  rgb(120,120,120) 
  #808080  rgb(128,128,128) 
  #888888  rgb(136,136,136) 
  #909090  rgb(144,144,144) 
  #989898  rgb(152,152,152) 
  #A0A0A0  rgb(160,160,160) 
  #A8A8A8  rgb(168,168,168) 
  #B0B0B0  rgb(176,176,176) 
  #B8B8B8  rgb(184,184,184) 
  #C0C0C0  rgb(192,192,192) 
  #C8C8C8  rgb(200,200,200) 
  #D0D0D0  rgb(208,208,208) 
  #D8D8D8  rgb(216,216,216) 
  #E0E0E0  rgb(224,224,224) 
  #E8E8E8  rgb(232,232,232) 
  #F0F0F0  rgb(240,240,240) 
  #F8F8F8  rgb(248,248,248) 
  #FFFFFF  rgb(255,255,255) 

Cross-Browser Color Names

A collection of nearly 150 color names are supported by all major browsers.

View the cross-browser color names

Web Standard Color Names

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has listed 16 valid color names for HTML and CSS:

aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, green, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow.

If you want to use other colors, you should specify their HEX value.

Web Safe Colors?

Some years ago, when computers supported max 256 different colors, a list of 216 "Web Safe Colors" was suggested as a Web standard, reserving 40 fixed system colors.

The 216 cross-browser color palette was created to ensure that all computers would display the colors correctly when running a 256 color palette.

This is not important now, since most computers can display millions of different colors. Anyway here is the list:

000000 000033 000066 000099 0000CC 0000FF
003300 003333 003366 003399 0033CC 0033FF
006600 006633 006666 006699 0066CC 0066FF
009900 009933 009966 009999 0099CC 0099FF
00CC00 00CC33 00CC66 00CC99 00CCCC 00CCFF
00FF00 00FF33 00FF66 00FF99 00FFCC 00FFFF
330000 330033 330066 330099 3300CC 3300FF
333300 333333 333366 333399 3333CC 3333FF
336600 336633 336666 336699 3366CC 3366FF
339900 339933 339966 339999 3399CC 3399FF
33CC00 33CC33 33CC66 33CC99 33CCCC 33CCFF
33FF00 33FF33 33FF66 33FF99 33FFCC 33FFFF
660000 660033 660066 660099 6600CC 6600FF
663300 663333 663366 663399 6633CC 6633FF
666600 666633 666666 666699 6666CC 6666FF
669900 669933 669966 669999 6699CC 6699FF
66CC00 66CC33 66CC66 66CC99 66CCCC 66CCFF
66FF00 66FF33 66FF66 66FF99 66FFCC 66FFFF
990000 990033 990066 990099 9900CC 9900FF
993300 993333 993366 993399 9933CC 9933FF
996600 996633 996666 996699 9966CC 9966FF
999900 999933 999966 999999 9999CC 9999FF
99CC00 99CC33 99CC66 99CC99 99CCCC 99CCFF
99FF00 99FF33 99FF66 99FF99 99FFCC 99FFFF
CC0000 CC0033 CC0066 CC0099 CC00CC CC00FF
CC3300 CC3333 CC3366 CC3399 CC33CC CC33FF
CC6600 CC6633 CC6666 CC6699 CC66CC CC66FF
CC9900 CC9933 CC9966 CC9999 CC99CC CC99FF
CCCC00 CCCC33 CCCC66 CCCC99 CCCCCC CCCCFF
CCFF00 CCFF33 CCFF66 CCFF99 CCFFCC CCFFFF
FF0000 FF0033 FF0066 FF0099 FF00CC FF00FF
FF3300 FF3333 FF3366 FF3399 FF33CC FF33FF
FF6600 FF6633 FF6666 FF6699 FF66CC FF66FF
FF9900 FF9933 FF9966 FF9999 FF99CC FF99FF
FFCC00 FFCC33 FFCC66 FFCC99 FFCCCC FFCCFF
FFFF00 FFFF33 FFFF66 FFFF99 FFFFCC FFFFFF
]]> http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-colors/feed/ 0 HTML Forms and Input http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-forms-and-input/ http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-forms-and-input/#comments Mon, 25 Jan 2010 23:18:16 +0000 admin http://jaffnacampus.com/?p=55 HTML Forms are used to select different kinds of user input.

Forms

A form is an area that can contain form elements.

Form elements are elements that allow the user to enter information (like text fields, textarea fields, drop-down menus, radio buttons, checkboxes, etc.) in a form.

A form is defined with the <form> tag.

<form>

.

input elements

.

</form>

Input

The most used form tag is the <input> tag. The type of input is specified with the type attribute. The most commonly used input types are explained below.

Text Fields

Text fields are used when you want the user to type letters, numbers, etc. in a form.

<form>

First name:

<input type=”text” name=”firstname” />

<br />

Last name:

<input type=”text” name=”lastname” />

</form>

How it looks in a browser:

First name:

Last name:

Note that the form itself is not visible. Also note that in most browsers, the width of the text field is 20 characters by default.

Radio Buttons

Radio Buttons are used when you want the user to select one of a limited number of choices.

<form>

<input type=”radio” name=”sex” value=”male” /> Male

<br />

<input type=”radio” name=”sex” value=”female” /> Female

</form>

How it looks in a browser:

Male

Female

Note that only one option can be chosen.

Checkboxes

Checkboxes are used when you want the user to select one or more options of a limited number of choices.

<form>

I have a bike:

<input type=”checkbox” name=”vehicle” value=”Bike” />

<br />

I have a car:

<input type=”checkbox” name=”vehicle” value=”Car” />

<br />

I have an airplane:

<input type=”checkbox” name=”vehicle” value=”Airplane” />

</form>

How it looks in a browser:

I have a bike:

I have a car:

I have an airplane:

The Form’s Action Attribute and the Submit Button

When the user clicks on the “Submit” button, the content of the form is sent to the server. The form’s action attribute defines the name of the file to send the content to. The file defined in the action attribute usually does something with the received input.

<form name=”input” action=”html_form_submit.asp” method=”get”>

Username:

<input type=”text” name=”user” />

<input type=”submit” value=”Submit” />

</form>

How it looks in a browser:

Username:

If you type some characters in the text field above, and click the “Submit” button, the browser will send your input to a page called “html_form_submit.asp”. The page will show you the received input.

Form Tags

Tag Description
<form> Defines a form for user input
<input> Defines an input field
<textarea> Defines a text-area (a multi-line text input control)
<label> Defines a label to a control
<fieldset> Defines a fieldset
<legend> Defines a caption for a fieldset
<select> Defines a selectable list (a drop-down box)
<optgroup> Defines an option group
<option> Defines an option in the drop-down box
<button> Defines a push button
<isindex> Deprecated. Use <input> instead
]]> http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-forms-and-input/feed/ 0 HTML Lists http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-lists/ http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-lists/#comments Mon, 25 Jan 2010 23:15:24 +0000 admin http://jaffnacampus.com/?p=53 HTML supports ordered, unordered and definition lists.

HTML Lists

  • This is the first
  • This is the second
  • This is the third

Unordered Lists

An unordered list is a list of items. The list items are marked with bullets (typically small black circles).

An unordered list starts with the <ul> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag.

<ul>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ul>

Here is how it looks in a browser:

  • Coffee
  • Milk

Inside a list item you can put paragraphs, line breaks, images, links, other lists, etc.

Ordered Lists

An ordered list is also a list of items. The list items are marked with numbers.

An ordered list starts with the <ol> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag.

<ol>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ol>

Here is how it looks in a browser:

  1. Coffee
  2. Milk

Inside a list item you can put paragraphs, line breaks, images, links, other lists, etc.

Definition Lists

A definition list is not a list of single items. It is a list of items (terms), with a description of each item (term).

A definition list starts with a <dl> tag (definition list).

Each term starts with a <dt> tag (definition term).

Each description starts with a <dd> tag (definition description).

<dl>
<dt>Coffee</dt>
<dd>Black hot drink</dd>
<dt>Milk</dt>
<dd>White cold drink</dd>
</dl>

Here is how it looks in a browser:

Coffee
Black hot drink
Milk
White cold drink

Inside the <dd> tag you can put paragraphs, line breaks, images, links, other lists, etc.

List Tags

Tag Description
<ol> Defines an ordered list
<ul> Defines an unordered list
<li> Defines a list item
<dl> Defines a definition list
<dt> Defines a term (an item) in a definition list
<dd> Defines a description of a term in a definition list
<dir> Deprecated. Use <ul> instead
<menu> Deprecated. Use <ul> instead
]]> http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-lists/feed/ 0 HTML Tables http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-tables/ http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-tables/#comments Mon, 25 Jan 2010 23:10:57 +0000 admin http://jaffnacampus.com/?p=49

HTML Tables

Apples 44%
Bananas 23%
Oranges 13%
Other 10%

Tables

Tables are defined with the <table> tag. A table is divided into rows (with the <tr> tag), and each row is divided into data cells (with the <td> tag). The letters td stands for “table data,” which is the content of a data cell. A data cell can contain text, images, lists, paragraphs, forms, horizontal rules, tables, etc.

<table border=”1″>

<tr>

<td>row 1, cell 1</td>

<td>row 1, cell 2</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>row 2, cell 1</td>

<td>row 2, cell 2</td>

</tr>

</table>

How it looks in a browser:

row 1, cell 1 row 1, cell 2
row 2, cell 1 row 2, cell 2

Tables and the Border Attribute

If you do not specify a border attribute the table will be displayed without any borders. Sometimes this can be useful, but most of the time, you want the borders to show.

To display a table with borders, you will have to use the border attribute:

<table border=”1″>

<tr>

<td>Row 1, cell 1</td>

<td>Row 1, cell 2</td>

</tr>

</table>

Headings in a Table

Headings in a table are defined with the <th> tag.

<table border=”1″>

<tr>

<th>Heading</th>

<th>Another Heading</th>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>row 1, cell 1</td>

<td>row 1, cell 2</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>row 2, cell 1</td>

<td>row 2, cell 2</td>

</tr>

</table>

How it looks in a browser:

Heading Another Heading
row 1, cell 1 row 1, cell 2
row 2, cell 1 row 2, cell 2

Empty Cells in a Table

Table cells with no content are not displayed very well in most browsers.

<table border=”1″>

<tr>

<td>row 1, cell 1</td>

<td>row 1, cell 2</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>row 2, cell 1</td>

<td></td>

</tr>

</table>

How it looks in a browser:

row 1, cell 1 row 1, cell 2
row 2, cell 1

Note that the borders around the empty table cell are missing (NB! Mozilla Firefox displays the border).

To avoid this, add a non-breaking space (&nbsp;) to empty data cells, to make the borders visible:

<table border=”1″>

<tr>

<td>row 1, cell 1</td>

<td>row 1, cell 2</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>row 2, cell 1</td>

<td>&nbsp;</td>

</tr>

</table>

How it looks in a browser:

row 1, cell 1 row 1, cell 2
row 2, cell 1

Basic Notes – Useful Tips

The <thead>,<tbody> and <tfoot> elements are seldom used, because of bad browser support. Expect this to change in future versions of XHTML.

]]> http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-tables/feed/ 0 HTML Images http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-images/ http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-images/#comments Mon, 25 Jan 2010 23:05:03 +0000 admin http://jaffnacampus.com/?p=42 The Image Tag and the Src Attribute

In HTML, images are defined with the <img> tag. 

The <img> tag is empty, which means that it contains attributes only and it has no closing tag.

To display an image on a page, you need to use the src attribute. Src stands for "source". The value of the src attribute is the URL of the image you want to display on your page.

The syntax of defining an image:

<img src="url" />

The URL points to the location where the image is stored. An image named "boat.gif" located in the directory "images" on "www.w3schools.com" has the URL: http://www.w3schools.com/images/boat.gif.

The browser puts the image where the image tag occurs in the document. If you put an image tag between two paragraphs, the browser shows the first paragraph, then the image, and then the second paragraph.

The Alt Attribute

The alt attribute is used to define an "alternate text" for an image. The value of the alt attribute is an author-defined text:

<img src="boat.gif" alt="Big Boat" />

The "alt" attribute tells the reader what he or she is missing on a page if the browser can’t load images. The browser will then display the alternate text instead of the image. It is a good practice to include the "alt" attribute for each image on a page, to improve the display and usefulness of your document for people who have text-only browsers.

Basic Notes – Useful Tips

If an HTML file contains ten images – eleven files are required to display the page right. Loading images take time, so my best advice is: Use images carefully.

Image Tags

Tag Description
<img> Defines an image
<map> Defines an image map
<area> Defines a clickable area inside an image map
]]> http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-images/feed/ 0 HTML Links http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-links/ http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-links/#comments Mon, 25 Jan 2010 22:46:12 +0000 admin http://jaffnacampus.com/campus-news/html-links/ A link is the “address” to a document (or a resource) on the web.

HTML links

This example demonstrates how to create links in an HTML document.

Open a link in a new browser window

This example demonstrates how to link to another page by opening a new window, so that the visitor does not have to leave your Web site.

(You can find more examples at the bottom of this page)

Hyperlinks, Anchors, and Links

In web terms, a hyperlink is a reference (an address) to a resource on the web.

Hyperlinks can point to any resource on the web: an HTML page, an image, a sound file, a movie, etc.

An anchor is a term used to define a hyperlink destination inside a document.

The HTML anchor element <a>, is used to define both hyperlinks and anchors.

We will use the term HTML link when the <a> element points to a resource, and the term HTML anchor when the <a> elements defines an address inside a document..

An HTML Link

Link syntax:

<a href=”url”>Link text</a>

The start tag contains attributes about the link.

The element content (Link text) defines the part to be displayed.

Note: The element content doesn’t have to be text. You can link from an image or any other HTML element.

The href Attribute

The href attribute defines the link “address”.

This <a> element defines a link to W3Schools:

<a href=”http://www.JaffnaCampus.com/”>Visit Jaffna Campus</a>

The code above will display like this in a browser:

Visit Jaffna Campus

The target Attribute

The target attribute defines where the linked document will be opened.

The code below will open the document in a new browser window:

Example

<a href=”http://www.JaffnaCampus.com/”

target=”_blank”>Visit JaffnaCampus!</a>

The name Attribute

When the name attribute is used, the <a> element defines a named anchor inside a HTML document.

Named anchor are not displayed in any special way. They are invisible to the reader.

Named anchor syntax:

<a name=”label”>Any content</a>

The link syntax to a named anchor:

<a href=”#label”>Any content</a>

The # in the href attribute defines a link to a named anchor.

Example:

A named anchor inside an HTML document:

<a name=”tips”>Useful Tips Section</a>

A link to the Useful Tips Section from the same document:

<a href=”#tips”>

Jump to the Useful Tips Section</a>

A link to the Useful Tips Section from another document:

<a href=”http://www.JaffnaCampus.com/html_tutorial.htm#tips”>

Jump to the Useful Tips Section</a>
]]> http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-links/feed/ 0 HTML Styles http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-styles/ http://jaffnacampus.com/html/html-basic/html-styles/#comments Mon, 25 Jan 2010 17:46:14 +0000 admin http://jaffnacampus.com/campus-news/html-styles/ The style attribute is a new HTML attribute. It introduces CSS to HTML.

Look! Styles and colors

This text is in Verdana and red

This text is in Times and blue

This text is 30 pixels high

The HTML Style Attribute

The purpose of the style attribute is:

To provide a common way to style all HTML elements.

Styles was introduced with HTML 4, as the new and preferred way to style HTML elements. With HTML styles, styles can be added to HTML elements directly by using the style attribute, or indirectly in separate style sheets (CSS files).

You can learn everything about styles and CSS in our CSS tutorial.

In our HTML tutorial we use the style attribute to introduce you to HTML styles.

HTML Style Examples

style="background-color:yellow"

style="font-size:10px"

style="font-family:Times"

style="text-align:center"

Deprecated Tags and Attributes

In HTML 4, some tags and attributes are defined as deprecated. Deprecated means that they will not be supported in future versions of HTML and XHTML.

The message is clear: Avoid the use of deprecated tags and attributes.

These tags and attributes should be avoided:

Tags Description
<center> Defines centered content
<font> and <basefont> Defines HTML fonts
<s> and <strike> Defines strikeout text
<u> Defines underlined text
Attributes Description
align Defines the alignment of text
bgcolor Defines the background color
color Defines the text color

For all the above: Use styles instead.

Style Examples:

Background Color

<body style="background-color:yellow">

The style attribute defines a style for the <body> element.

The new style attribute makes the "old" bgcolor attribute obsolete.

Font Family, Color and Size

<p style="font-family:courier new; color:red; font-size:20px">

The style attribute defines a style for the <p> element.

The new style attribute makes the old <font> tag obsolete.

Text Alignment

<h1 style="text-align:center">

The style attribute defines a style for the <h1> element.

The new style attribute makes the old "align" attribute obsolete.

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